Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Temporal order of activations and interactions during arithmetic calculations measured by intracranial electrophysiological recordings in the human brain

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-36122-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Sequential arithmetic task. The first five rows represent examples of the task, where trials consisted of sequentially presented equations with the same general structure (bottom row). First, a fixation cross (a star) appeared for 1.0–1.5 s (randomly varied), followed by the first operand - number (N1), first operator (O1), second operand (N2), second operator (O2), third operand (N3), equals sign (O3), and a proposed result (N4). Subjects were asked to answer whether the result was true or false by pressing a corresponding coloured button on a gamepad (red = false result; green = true result; blue = uncertain). Feedback was provided based on their answer. Equations were either difficult (N1 was a double digit, result was over ten, only Arabic numerals; presented on the top row) or easy (single Arabic digits, words or symbols, 0–9, result never exceeded ten).

Article Snippet: The participants’ goal was to determine whether the result was true or false and press a corresponding button on the gamepad (Logitech F310): green or red button for a true or false answer, respectively.

Techniques: